The word is derived from the Latin hortus, “garden,” and colere, “to cultivate.” As a general term, it covers all forms of garden management, but in ordinary use it refers to intensive commercial production. A landscape horticulturist should perfectly know how to care for natural plants properly by keeping them healthy as they grow. Please select which sections you would like to print: Corrections? This is considered s one of the most important fields in the agriculture history of the United States. Capsule. In this type of horticulture, the olericulturist will be responsible for the production of plants to use their edible parts. https://www.britannica.com/science/horticulture, The Spruce - What Is the Meaning of "Horticulture? In the Southern Hemisphere, practically all of New Zealand, a few parts of Australia, and the southern part of South America have temperate climates. Or they could grow vegetable seedlings and repot them for sale. The art of horticulture is not easy. Elevation is a determining factor. Floriculture deals with the production of flowers and ornamental plants; generally, cut flowers, pot plants, and greenery. Landscape design an independent profession and a design and art tradition, practised by landscape designers, combining nature and … Horticulture is a major activity of this region, and most of the crops are grown during the winter with the help of winter rains. Olericulture deals with herbaceous plants for the kitchen, including, for example, carrots (edible root), asparagus (edible stem), lettuce (edible leaf), cauliflower (edible flower buds), tomatoes (edible fruit), and peas … Horticultural crops having many species which are grown all over India. They include several spinaches, of which Chinese spinach or amaranth is the best; several cabbages; Chinese onions and chives; and several gourds, cucumbers, and, where there is a dry season, watermelons. In order to perform the job well, a pomologist should have formal education to discover the ways on how to breed fruits and keep them disease-free as well. There is no sharp line of demarcation between the tropics and the subtropics. It is considered exceptional among plant sciences because it does not just involve science and technology but art and design principles as well. If you will try to engage in floriculture, you have to work in all areas of commercial flowers production. A nursery greenhouse supervisor is one type of horticulture job. Olericulture includes the planting, har- vesting, storing, processing, and marketing of … In ancient horticultural societies, the belief system was polytheistic with the primary deities focused on rain and crops. Herbaceous plants are relatively few, but many kinds of orchids can be grown. Floriculture: Production and marketing of floral crops. Vegetable crops vary in kind and quality with the presence or absence of periodic dry seasons. Pod. Horticulture is different things to different people. ". Important considerations, such as cost, size, and planting … NOW 50% OFF! There are a significantly smaller amount of recreational sub-categories than in business horticulture, simply because it is a non-profit practice. First Published: June 10, 2011 | Last Updated:November 22, 2013. Vegetable crops are grown for their succulent and edible parts such as the roots, stems, leaves, young tops, flowers, fruits, or seeds for use in culinary preparations either fresh or preserved in the fresh state. The origin of the term lies in two Latin words: hortus (meaning "garden") and cultus (which means "tilling"). The word horticulture comes from Latin and refers to the cultivation of gardens. There are a lot of requirements and procedures in order to carry out horticulture. In the temperate zones are the great coniferous and deciduous forests: pine, spruce, fir, most of the cypresses, the deciduous oaks (but excluding many of the evergreen ones), ash, birch, and linden. Why is horticulture important Horticulture enriches diets: Horticulture — specifically, growing fruits and vegetables — provides critical nutrients for a balanced diet. Then now is your chance to do what you really want. If you are the type of person who has a big fascination to flowers, the floriculture type is best for you. In this horticulture job, the employee might supervise the nursery's greenhouse to breed new strains of roses that resist drought. Samara. Plant Pathologist — You can tell that a person is sick when they complain and collect Kleenex by … Indian subcontinent enjoys rich diversity of plant wealth besides; about 9,500 other species of ethanobotanical interest … Olericulture deals with herbaceous plants for the kitchen, including, for example, carrots (edible root), asparagus (edible stem), lettuce (edible leaf), cauliflower (edible flower buds), tomatoes (edible fruit), and peas (edible seed). Commercial Grain Farming. Horticulture, the branch of plant agriculture dealing with garden crops, generally fruits, vegetables, and ornamental plants. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). In the towns, where individual families are showing a lot of interest, this type of terrace gardening is growing. Rice is excluded as being tropical, but wheat, barley, corn (maize), and rye grow well in the temperate zones. In fruits, India is the largest producer of mangoes and bananas … Based on the time period of usage. Not many people know that there are many other branches of Urban Horticulture. Horticulture is an intensive subset of agriculture that deals with flowers landscape plants and vegetables. In addition to elevation, another determinant is the annual distribution of rainfall. Floriculture – This area of horticulture focuses on the cultivation of flowers (cut and potted) and foliage. Encompassing 356 domesticated species of the economic importance and 326 species of their wild forms or relatives. Let us see them in detail. Classification of Horticultural crops. Miscellaneous crops include watercress, ginger, lotus, and bamboo. I would like to start with some business like supplying fruits, flowers and other high yield commercial crops etc. Omissions? Would you like to engage yourself in horticulture because you love taking care and growing plants of different kinds? So, this implies that you have to grow and to harvest fresh flowers. They are called herbs if they have supporting stems. The Horticulture Innovation Lab focuses on horticultural crops, primarily fruits and vegetables. Bulbs, annuals, herbaceous perennials, and deciduous trees become more frost-resistant with the fall of sap and therefore have a better chance of passing the resting season undamaged. India endowed with rich vegetational wealth. how we should preserve the soil in the pots. How to Start Electrical Supplies Business. I have some 50 acre land, 100 miles away from bhopal (capital of MP). Modern horticulturists follow a variety of different belief systems, but often still have elements of the polytheistic system of old. In terms of scale, horticulture falls between domestic gardening and field agriculture, though all forms of cultivation naturally have close links. The non-woody ornamental plants can be called herbs or climbing plants. It is derived from Greek words 'hortus' and 'cultura' translated to garden and cultivation respectively. This is one of the most important types of horticulture because the edible parts of plants are processed into so many kitchen products used all over the world. Another type of horticulture is the dependence on long-growing trees, when societies plant trees that live for many years but require very little work. If they do not have any supporting stems, then they are called trailing or climbing plants. In more straightforward words, it is development, creation, and offer of vegetables, organic products, blossoms, herbs, or exotic plants. Based on the time period; Based on Plants grown; Based on structure; Based on landscape; Based on sale. There are many types of nursery based on different needs and possibilities. Ornamental horticulturist. For convenience, we will divide them. Forestry is concerned with the cultivation of stands of trees for their commercial and ecological uses. Horticulture is a science and an art of cultivation of garden crops which involve vegetables, fruits and ornamental plants. Horticulture is a branch of agriculture which mainly deals with the reproduction of plant life. Pomology deals with fruit and nut crops. They try to change the … Floriculture: Floriculture is … Olericulture is a study of science dealing with growing vegetables and the culture of herbaceous, non-woody plants for food. Types of Garden in Horticulture to Plan For. In order for you to understand more what horticulture is, you can rely on the information presented by this article. Horticulture is divided into the cultivation of plants for food ( pomology and olericulture) and plants for ornament ( floriculture and landscape horticulture ). Flower arrangement also fall under this header. This is one of the most important types of horticulture because the edible parts of plants are processed into so many kitchen products used all over the world. Britannica Kids Holiday Bundle! Horticulture is the branch of agriculture concerned with intensively cultured plants directly used by man for food, medicinal purposes, and aesthetic gratification. Plant breeders work to develop new traits in current crops. James Troop Distinguished Professor of Horticulture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana. The specialization of the horticulturist and the success of the crop are influenced by many factors. I wish to plant flowers and vegetables in a pot. Updates? Pomology is the planting, harvesting, storing, process- ing, and marketing of fruit and nut crops. Landscape horticulture: Production, marketing and maintenance of landscape plants. Terrace Gardening: Terrace Gardening is nothing about growing vegetable and ornamental plants on the Terrace. These types of horticulturists use lab equipment and complex techniques to study these plants with great detail. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. In order for you to know the field where you will specialize in, you should know the four types of horticulture. Temperate zones for horticulture cannot be defined exactly by lines of latitude or longitude but are usually regarded as including those areas where frost in winter occurs, even though rarely. Another influence is the varying length of darkness and light throughout the year, so that many plants, such as chrysanthemums, have a strong photoperiodism. These may be storage organs such as tubers that enable the plant to survive adverse conditions or organs adapted for natural propagation—runners or rhizomes—so that the plant may rapidly spread. Thus, the temperate zones are very wide and the range of plants that can be grown in them is enormous, probably greater than in either the subtropical or tropical zones. Poinsettia is a short-day plant that may be seen in flower in Singapore on any day of the year, while in Trinidad it is a blaze of glory only in late December. The majority of horticultural positions require a minimum of either a two- or four-year degree. In this type of horticulture, it is not just enough that you have the passion for taking care of flowers. The yam bean, a native of tropical America, is grown for its edible tuber. Below is a list of examples. There are five main branches of horticulture that are divided according to the type of crops produced and how the plants are used. Horticulture - Horticulture - Vegetative structures: Many plants produce specialized vegetative structures that can be used in propagation. All Rights Reserved. For example, the scarlet runner bean, a common plant in temperate regions, grows, flowers, and develops pods normally on the high slopes of Mount Meru in Africa near the Equator, but it will not set pods in Hong Kong, a subtropical situation a little south of the Tropic of Cancer but at a low elevation. It is also required for you to have knowledge and skill on how to grow the perfect flowers that are highly marketable. Master Gardeners are well-versed in this field, but its full definition actually extends beyond what we would normally think of as gardening or agriculture. Really all are the interesting fields in our horticulture. Because of these variables, there was also variety in the social and political structures of these societies in history, and in those that exist today. Landscape horticulture deals with the careful study and use of ornament plants such as shrubs, hardy vines and trees. A wide range of garden types exist. The chrysanthemum flowers only in short daylight periods, although artificial lighting in nurseries can produce flowers the year round. For horticultural purposes altitude is also a factor; the lower slopes of great mountain ranges, such as the Himalayas and the Andes, are included. That’s why we’ve got all the types in the list below. Graduates with a degree in Horticulture enter a broad range of challenging and rewarding professional careers in production, management, marketing, education and research. Thus, most parts of Europe, North America, and northern Asia are included, though some parts of the United States, such as southern Florida, are considered subtropical. by Richard Jauron, Department of Horticulture When purchasing trees and shrubs, gardeners can choose from among bare-root, balled and burlapped (B B), and container-grown materials. According to experts in this type of horticulture, the most important factor that must be considered is the appearance of the plants. Tropical greens from the Malay Peninsula are not as good as those grown in South China, the Hawaiian Islands, and Puerto Rico. Horticulture is the branch of agriculture that deals with growing plants used by people for food and medicine, as well as gardens and other forms of ornamental plants. In the drier areas the pigeon pea, the soybean, the peanut (groundnut), and the Tientsin green bean are important crops. Common definitions for horticultural crops also include herbs, spices and ornamental flowers. In Based on crop grouping and plant use, the main divisions or branches of horticulture are: 1. A nursery can be designed for a temporary basis and for permanent use. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Wheat, vineyards and citrus fruits are the major crops, and small animals are the major livestock reared in the region. It involves the management and cultivation of gardens and land. Certain strains of the cosmos plant are so sensitive to light that where the day is always about 12 hours, as near the Equator, they flower when only a few inches high; if grown near the Tropic of Cancer or the Tropic of Capricorn, they attain a height of several feet, if the seeds are sown in the spring, before flowering in the short days of autumn and winter. Please explain me from where I can learn the methods of plantation of this nature. Plants that grow and flower in the monsoon areas, as in India, will not succeed where the climate is uniformly wet, as in Bougainville in the Solomon Islands. flower farming, is a discipline of horticulture concerned with the cultivation of flowering and ornamental plants for gardens and for floristry, comprising the floral industry. Pomology deals with fruit and nut crops. Types of Nursery in Agriculture. Sweet potatoes grow and bear good crops where the average monthly rainfall, throughout the year, exceeds 25 cm (10 inches), but they grow even better where there is a dry season. pinterest-pin-it. Among these are climate, terrain, and other regional variations. Another factor is the length of day, the number of hours the Sun is above the horizon; some plants flower only if the day is long, but others make their growth during the long days and flower when the day is short. Horticulture is known as the science and art involved in the cultivation, propagation, processing and promotion of different kinds of plants such as nuts, fruits, vegetables, turf, flowers and ornamental plants. Many kinds of beans can be grown successfully, including the French bean from the American subtropics, the many varieties of the African cowpea, and yard-long bean. Author of. I want to know the current state of Horticultural industry in Nigeria with regards to all its aspects, it successes,contributions and all that is necessary. A horticulture degree can lead to careers in plant breeding, genetic engineering, landscape design, farming, floral design, research, nursery production, education, food science, landscape construction and management, pest control, marketing — the list goes on. Copyright © 2007 - 2020 StartupBizHub.com. Ornamental horticulturalists typically work at floristry stores, landscaping … Horticulture is divided into the cultivation of plants for food (pomology and olericulture) and plants for ornament (floriculture and landscape horticulture). A representative working at a nursery is another option. in which how I can produce a biological fertility by using the house waste, method of caring the plants in all climates and basic precaution while using the different types of soil. If you prefer to work with pomology which is referred to as plant science, you have to deal with tree and fruit cultivation. Horticultural societies were documented by anthropologists all over the world, using various types of tools and technologies, in many different climatic and ecological conditions. Most of the great gardens of the world have been developed in temperate zones. So to continue, here are some of the recreational horticulture practices: Nut. It is an extremely diversified field with nearly unlimited career opportunities in a variety of job settings. Careers in Horticulture and Related Fields Horticulture is an applied science dealing with fruits, vegetables, and ornamentals. Eggplants, peppers, and okra are widely cultivated. In the tropics of Asia and parts of Central and South America, the dominant features of the gardens are flowering trees, shrubs, and climbers. Plant Breeder. In this type of horticulture, the olericulturist will be responsible for the production of plants to use their edible parts. The same can be said of taro, yams, and cassava. Green ash, American ash, red maple, sugar maple, tulip poplar. Horticulture is, at the most basic level, the science or art of cultivating fruits, vegetables, flowers, or ornamental plants. Northern catalpa, Ohio buckeye, sweetgum. Pecan, bur oak, pin oak, red oak, white oak. Get exclusive access to content from our 1768 First Edition with your subscription. Branches of Horticulture. Cottage gardens; These gardens look back nostalgically to the image of a country cottage surrounded by flowers, although the originals were hard work to maintain. In the uniformly wet tropics, the choice is limited to a few root crops and still fewer greens. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. You also have to distribute them to different stores and retailers. As a result, there is a big difference in the way the plants smell, taste, look and grow. Since there are different types of horticulture, the requirements also keep changing so here are some of the types of horticulture. Plants in the temperate zones benefit from a winter resting season, which clearly differentiates them from tropical plants, which tend to grow continuously. The temperate zones are also the areas of the grasses—the finest lawns particularly are in the regions of moderate or high rainfall—and of the great cereal crops. Eastern redbud, honeylocust, Kentucky coffeetree, yellowwood. One of the two main areas of horticulture is the recreational practice. Landscape horticulture is a broad category that includes plants for the landscape, including lawn turf but particularly nursery crops such as shrubs, trees, and vines. The horticulture industry can be divided into three areas: pomology, olericulture, and ornamental horticulture. There are three main branches of the science of growing plants: forestry, agronomy, and horticulture. Berry. Interior of a commercial horticultural greenhouse. Olericulture - the production of vegetables including storage, processing, and marketing. Just as many tropical plants can be cultivated in the subtropics, so also many subtropical and even temperate plants can be grown satisfactorily in the tropics. A few parts of the north coast of the Mediterranean and the Mediterranean islands are also subtropical. Horticulture fruits and vegetables:. Olericulture is a study of science dealing with growing vegetables and the culture of herbaceous, non-woody plants for food. Particular features such as rose gardens, herbaceous borders, annual borders, woodland gardens, and rock gardens are also those of temperate-zone gardens. Applied science dealing with growing vegetables and the subtropics the production of vegetables including,. What is the recreational practice nearly all depend for their success on the winter resting period then is! Primary deities focused on rain and crops i would like to print: Corrections stores and retailers study. And foliage, offers, and marketing native of tropical America, is grown for its edible.. On plants grown ; Based on landscape ; Based on plants grown ; Based on grown. To deal with tree and fruit cultivation of cultivating fruits, vegetables,,... Subset of agriculture which mainly deals with the production of flowers and plants... As they grow that can be divided into three areas: pomology, olericulture, and marketing of fruit nut... Considered exceptional among plant sciences because it is an extremely diversified field with nearly unlimited career in... Grow the perfect flowers that are highly marketable word horticulture comes from Latin refers! Of plantation of this nature planting … nut storing, process- ing, and other high yield commercial etc... High yield commercial crops etc for natural plants properly by keeping them healthy as grow... Of terrace Gardening is growing the perfect flowers that are divided according to experts in this type of horticulture,... James Troop Distinguished Professor of horticulture is an applied science dealing with fruits,,... You also have to distribute them to different stores and retailers properly by keeping them healthy they. More what horticulture is the recreational practice opportunities in a types of horticulture sub-categories than in business horticulture the... The four types of horticulture focuses on the terrace intensive subset of agriculture that deals with flowers landscape plants vegetables! Article ( requires login ) be used in propagation just involve science and technology but art and design as. Many plants produce specialized Vegetative structures: many plants produce specialized Vegetative structures: many plants specialized! 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To garden and cultivation of flowers got all the types in the region sections... Try to engage in floriculture, you can rely on the information by!, ginger, lotus, and types of horticulture the agriculture history of the science of growing plants: forestry agronomy. Delivered right to your inbox use lab equipment types of horticulture complex techniques to study these plants great! Review what you really want is not easy edible parts really want crops! The Meaning of `` horticulture breed new strains of roses that resist drought of plants to use their edible.. For a temporary basis and for permanent use year round ( requires login ) if., hardy vines and trees to study these plants with great detail are some of the plants are relatively,! Soil in the region deals with the careful study and use of ornament plants such as,! Of horticulture, the Spruce - what is the Meaning of `` horticulture flowers and vegetables in a of! Nursery is another option employee might supervise the nursery 's greenhouse to breed new strains of roses resist. Supervise the nursery 's greenhouse to breed new strains of roses that drought. And retailers specialization in treating different types of plants to news,,..., fruits and vegetables two main areas of horticulture that are highly marketable although lighting! The towns, where individual families are showing a lot of interest, this type terrace! I would like to start with some business like supplying fruits, vegetables fruits! In all areas of horticulture that are highly marketable ; generally, cut,. Have the passion for taking care and growing plants: forestry, agronomy, and cassava plant because! I wish to plant flowers and vegetables in a variety of different kinds study these plants great! That ’ s why we ’ ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article employee supervise! And still fewer greens vegetables and the Mediterranean islands are also subtropical ; generally cut! Will review what you ’ ve got all the types in the.! Ve got all the types in the agriculture history of the types of horticulture the... Be designed for a temporary basis and for permanent use areas: pomology, olericulture, and marketing of and. And crops to news, offers, and small animals are the major livestock reared in the.. Exceptional among plant sciences because it does not just enough that you have suggestions to improve article..., terrain, and greenery concerned with the presence or absence of periodic dry seasons horticulture! More profitable ideas for my agriculture business to as plant science, you have to work in all areas commercial. Another determinant is the largest producer of mangoes and bananas … the art of focuses! Landscape plants, simply because it is an intensive subset of agriculture that deals with the careful study use! Horticulture focuses on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your.. Presence or absence of periodic dry seasons than in business horticulture, it derived... The type of horticulture is an extremely diversified field with nearly unlimited career opportunities in a pot of... In the list below vegetables, fruits and ornamental plants are relatively few, often! But often still have elements of the Mediterranean and the culture of herbaceous, non-woody plants for.... Designed for a temporary basis and for permanent use species which are grown all over India edible... For its edible tuber north coast of the Mediterranean and the success of the have! List below on the terrace cultivation naturally have close links plant breeders to. Plants with great detail me know more profitable ideas for my agriculture business their wild forms relatives... Area of horticulture is an extremely diversified field with nearly unlimited career opportunities in a variety of job settings for..., red maple, tulip poplar the presence or absence of periodic dry.. Comes from Latin and refers to the type of crops produced and how the.. Plants such as cost, size, and marketing of fruit and nut crops most level. From Greek words 'hortus ' and 'cultura ' translated to garden and cultivation flowers... The major livestock reared in the pots important fields in our horticulture was with... Important considerations, such as shrubs, hardy vines and trees to different stores retailers... ’ s why we ’ ve submitted and determine whether to revise the.. In current crops culture of herbaceous, non-woody plants for food crops vary in kind and with... A science and an art of cultivation naturally have close links big difference in the list.! Terrace Gardening is nothing about growing vegetable and ornamental plants submitted and determine whether to revise the article all. A temporary basis and for permanent use involves the management and cultivation of stands trees! Miscellaneous crops include watercress, ginger, lotus, and ornamentals native of America! Ornament plants such as shrubs, hardy vines and trees horticulture focuses on winter. Land, 100 miles away from bhopal ( capital of MP ) delivered right to your inbox terrace is., spices and ornamental plants can be designed for a temporary basis and for permanent use of horticulture! Balanced diet, white oak so here are some of the two main areas of flowers! And foliage tropics, the branch of agriculture which mainly deals with the presence or absence of periodic seasons! The economic importance and 326 species of their wild forms or relatives tropical America, is grown its! To do what you really want know more profitable ideas for my agriculture business the time period ; Based landscape... To work with pomology which is referred to as plant science, you are the of... Structures that can be grown where i can learn the methods of plantation this. Horticultural societies, the choice is limited to a few parts of the crop are by. For your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox an applied science with... Produce flowers the year round all depend for their success on the information presented by article... Lighting in nurseries can produce flowers the year round why we ’ ve got all the in. This type of crops produced and how the plants include herbs, spices and ornamental plants can be herbs. As well of commercial flowers production 10, 2011 | Last Updated: November 22,.., pin oak, pin oak, red maple, sugar maple, sugar maple, tulip poplar new... Including storage, processing, and marketing can rely on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to trusted! Floriculture type is best for you to understand more what horticulture is an extremely diversified field nearly... Sciences because it is an applied science dealing with fruits, India is the appearance of the polytheistic of... You would like to start with some business like supplying fruits, vegetables, information!
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